This book serves as a practical resource for pain medicine providers. It presents important clinical concepts while covering critical pain medicine fundamentals. Chapters were carefully chosen to cover common aspects of clinical pain medicine and also follow a common format to facilitate quick look-up. Each chapter includes a concise discussion of the latest supporting evidence as well as relevant case scenarios. The coverage is clinically and board relevant, evidence-based and up-to-date. It will appeal to residents preparing for the written board examination and practitioners preparing for board re-certification, which now occurs every 10 years. Beyond these groups, the book has the potential to appeal to learners and practitioners around the world; pain medicine is burgeoning globally, and there is great need for concise, clinically relevant resources.

The first evidence that electrical changes can cause muscles to contract was p- vided by Galvani (1791). Galvani’s ideas about ‘animal electricity’ were explored during the 19th and 20th century when it was firmly established that ‘electricity’ is one of the most important mechanisms used for communication by the nervous system and muscle. These researches lead to the development of ever more soph- ticated equipment that could either record the electrical changes in nerves and muscles, or elicit functional changes by electrically stimulating these structures. It was indeed the combination of these two methods that elucidated many of the basic principles about the function of the nervous system. Following these exciting findings, it was discovered that electrical stimulation and the functions elicited by it also lead to long-term changes in the properties of nerves and particularly muscles.

Visual Prosthetics provides an in-depth analysis of the principles of operation, current state, anticipated developments, and functional aspects of visual prosthetics restoring sight to visually impaired individuals. This volume uniquely describes the human visual system in health and disease in a pedagogical and didactic manner, fitting to professionals and researchers with a bioengineering background. Readers will find a balanced overview of electrical, molecular chemical and synthetic chromophore stimulation, in addition to the biophysics and psychological aspects of vision restoration. Unlike competitive texts, this introduction also includes the need and methods for functional evaluation and rehabilitation.

This complete resource captures state-of-the-art strategies and the accelerated pace of discovery that is revolutionizing what is known about ischemic stroke and its treatment. Therapeutics for acute management, secondary prevention, recovery, rehabilitation, asymptomatic cerebral ischemia, and implementation of stroke systems of care are all discussed in this comprehensive yet practical guide. Chapters are authored by leading academicians with extensive clinical practice experience from all over the world and feature the scientific evidence behind prevailing therapeutic strategies for managing ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The specialist or general practitioner will gain critical knowledge in stroke management, current clinical challenges and promising new therapies under investigation.

This book addresses current issues surrounding hospital readmissions and the practice of post-acute and long-term care (LTC). Thoroughly updated, the Second Edition of this practical pocket guide presents new regulations governing these services and lessens the uncertainty involved in caring for patients in a long-term care facility. The book is divided into four sections that cover: types of care, which include community care, nursing facility care, and teamwork; clinical medicine, with suggested approaches to common conditions and wound care; psychosocial aspects of care, which include ethical and legal issues and caring for families; and special issues, with chapters on documentation, coding, and medication management. As community-based care is an area of rapid growth where the elderly are increasingly seeking their medical care, new chapters have also been added that describe these programs. Written by expert contributors, many of whom have worked within the American Medical Directors Association to create and disseminate a knowledge base for post-acute and LTC, this is a valuable resource for clinicians and educators seeking to maximize the care and living experience of residents in post-acute and long-term care settings.

For the millions of patients adjusting to life with one or more missing limbs, adaptation involves an intricate network of physical, psychological, social, and existential factors.